A low-power ultrasound attenuation improves the stability of biofilm and hydrophobicity of Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. freudenreichii DSM 20271 and Acidipropionibacterium jensenii DSM 20535

The main topic of this paper was to study the effect of ultrasound-attenuation (US) on the surface properties of propionibacteria (Acidipropionibacterium jensenii DSM 20535 and Propionibacterium freudenreichii DSM 20271). A preliminary screening was done by using different power levels (40 and 60%) and treatment times (4, 6, and 8 min); immediately after sonication, acidification and viable count were tested. The best combinations to avoid post-acidification after 6 h were the following: A. jensenii DSM 20535: power, 40%; time, 8 min; P. freudenreichii subsp. freudenreichii DSM 20271: power, 60%; time, 4 min. Moreover, the effect of US on the growth patterns, surface properties (biofilm formation and hydrophobicity), resistance to some selected antibiotics, and release of intracellular components was evaluated; the experiments were done immediately after the treatment. US-treatment improved the stability of biofilm after 5–7 days, caused an increase of hydrophobicity (from 15 to 27%) immediately after sonication, and determined an increase of cell permeability, as suggested by the release of intracellular components within 24 h and by the increased sensitivity to some antibiotics. This paper is the first report on US-attenuation on propionibacteria and could the background for future researches to modulate the surface properties of these microorganisms.