This thesis centres its attention on exploring empirically the impact of renewable energy production on the environmental and financial performance in a panel of 27 international petroleum companies under energy transition policy. I utilize the second-generation econometrics methods, namely: generalised method of momentum and quasi-maximum likelihood in the framework of Porter Hypothesis and Natural Resource-Based View over the period from 2015 to 2023. Environmental performance is proxied by GHG emissions, while financial performance is assessed using both accounting-based (ROA and ROE) and market-based metrics (Tobin’s Q and stock price). I found strong evidence that renewable energy production positively impacts GHG emissions reduction in both the short and long terms, exhibiting an inverted U-shaped trend. As for financial performance, results reveal that renewable energy production exerts a significantly positive impact on financial performance measured by accounting-based metrics, while this impact is found to be neutral on market-based measures. Furthermore, the results also provide evidence that research and development play a fundamental role in reducing GHG emissions, both directly and by enhancing the effectiveness of renewable energy production. This beneficial role of R&D, however, does not extend to the relationship between renewable energy production and financial performance. Finally, the effect of renewable energy production on GHG emissions and accounting base metrics is found to be more pronounced in EU international petroleum companies relatively to non-EU international petroleum companies. These findings add an original contribution to the relevant literature, in particular the role of renewable energy production on environmental and financial performance under energy transition policy in petroleum industry. Consequently, these findings provide a valuable guideline for managers at petroleum companies to strategically realigning their capital allocation for improved corporate environmental and financial performance.
Questa tesi si concentra sull'esplorazione empirica dell'impatto della Produzione di Energia Rinnovabile (PER) sulla performance ambientale e finanziaria in un panel di 27 compagnie petrolifere internazionali sotto politiche di transizione energetica. Utilizzo metodi econometrici di seconda generazione, in particolare: metodo generalizzato dei momenti (GMM) e quasi-massima verosimiglianza (QML) nel contesto dell'Ipotesi di Porter e della Natural Resource-Based View, per il periodo dal 2015 al 2023. La performance ambientale è approssimata dalle emissioni di gas serra (GHG), mentre la performance finanziaria è valutata utilizzando sia metriche contabili (ROA e ROE) che metriche basate sul mercato (Q di Tobin e prezzo delle azioni). Ho trovato prove solide che la produzione di energia rinnovabile ha un impatto positivo sulla riduzione delle emissioni di GHG sia nel breve che nel lungo termine, mostrando un andamento a U invertita. Per quanto riguarda la performance finanziaria, i risultati rivelano che la produzione di energia rinnovabile esercita un impatto significativamente positivo sulla performance finanziaria misurata da metriche contabili, mentre questo impatto risulta essere neutrale sulle misure basate sul mercato. Inoltre, i risultati forniscono anche prove che la ricerca e sviluppo (R&S) gioca un ruolo fondamentale nella riduzione delle emissioni di GHG, sia direttamente che migliorando l'efficacia della PER. Questo ruolo benefico della R&S, tuttavia, non si estende alla relazione tra produzione di energia rinnovabile e performance finanziaria. Infine, l'effetto della PER sulle emissioni di GHG e sulle metriche contabili risulta essere più pronunciato nelle compagnie petrolifere internazionali dell'UE rispetto alle compagnie petrolifere internazionali non-UE. Questi risultati aggiungono un contributo originale alla letteratura pertinente, in particolare riguardo al ruolo della produzione di energia rinnovabile sulla performance ambientale e finanziaria nell'industria petrolifera sotto politiche di transizione energetica. Di conseguenza, queste scoperte forniscono una preziosa guida per i manager delle compagnie petrolifere per riallineare strategicamente l'allocazione del loro capitale al fine di migliorare la performance ambientale e finanziaria aziendale.
Environmental and Financial Performance of Renewable Energy Production under Energy Transition Policy: Empirical Evidence of International Petroleum Companies / Ben Saleh, R.. - (2026 Jun 15). [10.14274/ben-saleh-ridha_phd2026-06-15]
Environmental and Financial Performance of Renewable Energy Production under Energy Transition Policy: Empirical Evidence of International Petroleum Companies
BEN SALEH, RIDHA
2026-06-15
Abstract
This thesis centres its attention on exploring empirically the impact of renewable energy production on the environmental and financial performance in a panel of 27 international petroleum companies under energy transition policy. I utilize the second-generation econometrics methods, namely: generalised method of momentum and quasi-maximum likelihood in the framework of Porter Hypothesis and Natural Resource-Based View over the period from 2015 to 2023. Environmental performance is proxied by GHG emissions, while financial performance is assessed using both accounting-based (ROA and ROE) and market-based metrics (Tobin’s Q and stock price). I found strong evidence that renewable energy production positively impacts GHG emissions reduction in both the short and long terms, exhibiting an inverted U-shaped trend. As for financial performance, results reveal that renewable energy production exerts a significantly positive impact on financial performance measured by accounting-based metrics, while this impact is found to be neutral on market-based measures. Furthermore, the results also provide evidence that research and development play a fundamental role in reducing GHG emissions, both directly and by enhancing the effectiveness of renewable energy production. This beneficial role of R&D, however, does not extend to the relationship between renewable energy production and financial performance. Finally, the effect of renewable energy production on GHG emissions and accounting base metrics is found to be more pronounced in EU international petroleum companies relatively to non-EU international petroleum companies. These findings add an original contribution to the relevant literature, in particular the role of renewable energy production on environmental and financial performance under energy transition policy in petroleum industry. Consequently, these findings provide a valuable guideline for managers at petroleum companies to strategically realigning their capital allocation for improved corporate environmental and financial performance.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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