Optimizing Mitochondrial Targeting with Bioactive Compounds: Dietary Pattern Considerations for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

: Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a central role in chronic kidney disease (CKD) pathogenesis and progression. It is associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, and cellular senescence. In this regard, targeting the restoration of mitochondrial function could potentially delay disease progression and alleviate uremic symptoms. Notably, bioactive compounds, naturally present in food, have recently gained attention due to their potential to counteract mitochondrial dysfunction. These compounds include a diverse array of phytonutrients, such as antioxidants, vitamins and polyphenols, but also omega-3 fatty acids, that support cellular health, reduce the risk of chronic diseases, and help modulate metabolism. Considering that we do not consume isolated nutrients, translating the available evidence in favorable dietary patterns is of importance. In this context, a plant-based dietary pattern appears to offer the richest array of bioactive compounds and holds the greatest potential for providing benefits at the cellular level.