Adaption actions to cope with climate change: evidences from farmers’ preferences on an agrobiodiversity conservation programme in the Mediterranean area

The paper investigates the attitude of farmers to participate in an on-farm conservation pro-gramme based on the cultivation of vine landraces in Apulia, southern Italy, in place of the current commercial varieties, as adaptation strategy to climate changes. The results, based on choice ex-periments and assessed through a latent class model, highlight a general interest of the regional farmers toward the biodiversity-based adaptation programme for coping with climate change. In particular, three classes of respondents were identified: i) farmers operating on the whole regional territory and willing to cultivate up to 50% of their farm area with up to two landraces and a compensation in line with the aid set by the regional rural programme; ii) winegrowers of the intensive rural areas and willing to cultivate up to 25% of their farm with up to two landraces and a compensation greater than 200% compared to the aid of the regional rural programme; iii) farmers operating in the intermediate rural areas and willing to cultivate up to 50% of their farm with up to three landraces and a compensation greater than 50% compared to the aid of the regional rural programme. Policy makers should calibrate adaption actions depending on rural areas, since economic, social, cultural, behavioural and cognitive barriers, as well as structural characteristics of farms, impact on the farmers’ attitudes toward measures aimed at coping with climate change