This essay will examine the reasons that led to the formation of executive criminal law in Italy at the beginning of the 20th Century. Scholars had traditionally neglected the executive stage of criminal proceedings: they considered that the imposition of penalty was responsibility of prison authorities. At the end of the 19th Century, a series of causes brought the issue of execution to the attention of penal jurists: the liberal establishment showed increasing attention to the sources of crime; the positivist school of criminology was struggling for radical reforms of repressive and preventive tools; technical jurisprudence was attempting to build the criminal trial as a relationship that continued beyond judgement, as well as civil trial. Thanks to the symbolic push given by Code of penal procedure (1913), criminal science accepted the controversial principle that jurisdiction should not leave the convicted in the hands of jailers and that even the last stage of proceedings should guarantee minimum conditions of freedom.
Il saggio ripercorre l’itinerario scientifico e legislativo che portò, nei primi lustri del XX secolo, alla formazione d’un diritto italiano dell’esecuzione penale. A lungo trascurata dagli studiosi e lasciata alla gestione spesso opaca delle autorità carcerarie, a fine Ottocento l’esecuzione suscitò l’interesse penalistico per una serie di concause: l’attenzione dell’establishment liberale alle matrici della criminalità, la campagna della scuola criminologica a favore di un radicale ripensamento della sanzione, il tentativo di costruire il processo penale, sul paradigma di quello civile, come un rapporto giuridico destinato a perpetuarsi oltre il giudicato. Spinte anche dalla novità sistematica del c.p.p. del 1913, le scienze penali si orientarono, non senza contrasti, verso un controllo giurisdizionale dell’esecuzione, che assicurasse anche nell’ultimo segmento del processo un minimum di garanzie e di libertà.
La pena nel processo. Giurisdizionalizzazione dell’esecuzione nella penalistica dell’Italia liberale
Marco Nicola Miletti
2017-01-01
Abstract
This essay will examine the reasons that led to the formation of executive criminal law in Italy at the beginning of the 20th Century. Scholars had traditionally neglected the executive stage of criminal proceedings: they considered that the imposition of penalty was responsibility of prison authorities. At the end of the 19th Century, a series of causes brought the issue of execution to the attention of penal jurists: the liberal establishment showed increasing attention to the sources of crime; the positivist school of criminology was struggling for radical reforms of repressive and preventive tools; technical jurisprudence was attempting to build the criminal trial as a relationship that continued beyond judgement, as well as civil trial. Thanks to the symbolic push given by Code of penal procedure (1913), criminal science accepted the controversial principle that jurisdiction should not leave the convicted in the hands of jailers and that even the last stage of proceedings should guarantee minimum conditions of freedom.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.