The production of by-products from farming and food manufacturing poses a significant challenge to global environmental and food emergencies. Olive oil production employs a technological process that relies on physical operations without chemicals. However, the extraction process requires a large amount of water and produces a significant amount of solid waste and harmful liquids, which raises significant environmental concerns. Improper disposal of by-products of the olive oil mill industry can lead to environmental pollution and harm ecosystems. Olive mill wastewater (OMWW) is known for its dark color and high concentrations of organic carbon, potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, and iron, particularly phenols and polyphenols. Olive pomace (OP) is a solid waste consisting mainly of water, seed, and pulp with a high organic matter and carbon content, rich in potassium, low in phosphorus, with intermediate nitrogen levels. It may also contain phenolic and lipid compounds. Both matrices have a high pollution index due to their acidic nature and high concentrations of salts and phenolic compounds, making them potentially harmful by-products for the environment. Identifying and measuring bioactive compounds in complex matrices such as OMWW and OP after extraction and recovery is a challenging task. Accuracy and reliability are essential to promote new practical destinations for olive oil by-products, resulting in environmental and financial benefits. In this study, a sensitive and robust analytical method for the quali-quantitative characterization of bioactive compounds (polyphenols and lipophenols) in samples of OMWW and OP based on high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector and mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization interface (HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS) has been proposed and validated, by studying parameters such as repeatability, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), linearity range, and recovery by analyzing standard phenolic and flavonoid compounds.
ANALYTICAL EVALUATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN OLIVE OIL BY-PRODUCTS
M. Quinto
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2024-01-01
Abstract
The production of by-products from farming and food manufacturing poses a significant challenge to global environmental and food emergencies. Olive oil production employs a technological process that relies on physical operations without chemicals. However, the extraction process requires a large amount of water and produces a significant amount of solid waste and harmful liquids, which raises significant environmental concerns. Improper disposal of by-products of the olive oil mill industry can lead to environmental pollution and harm ecosystems. Olive mill wastewater (OMWW) is known for its dark color and high concentrations of organic carbon, potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, and iron, particularly phenols and polyphenols. Olive pomace (OP) is a solid waste consisting mainly of water, seed, and pulp with a high organic matter and carbon content, rich in potassium, low in phosphorus, with intermediate nitrogen levels. It may also contain phenolic and lipid compounds. Both matrices have a high pollution index due to their acidic nature and high concentrations of salts and phenolic compounds, making them potentially harmful by-products for the environment. Identifying and measuring bioactive compounds in complex matrices such as OMWW and OP after extraction and recovery is a challenging task. Accuracy and reliability are essential to promote new practical destinations for olive oil by-products, resulting in environmental and financial benefits. In this study, a sensitive and robust analytical method for the quali-quantitative characterization of bioactive compounds (polyphenols and lipophenols) in samples of OMWW and OP based on high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector and mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization interface (HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS) has been proposed and validated, by studying parameters such as repeatability, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), linearity range, and recovery by analyzing standard phenolic and flavonoid compounds.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
