In the history of Italian penal law in the 20th century, dogmatics is usually associated with the predominant doctrine, the Technical-juridical School, which, since the Arturo Rocco’s first lesson (1910), considered conceptual construction a fundamental logical-systematic tool. Indeed, in the first half of the twentieth century, it experienced various declinations: from the orientation inspired by Gentile’s philosophy, which weakened the principle of legality and opened up to judicial creationism; to the dogmatic of the second generation of positivist jurists, which remained firmly anchored in the norms of the law; to Carnelutti's anti-formalist general theory. Explicit intolerance began to manifest itself since the 1930s, when a young, politically transversal generation of scholars showed the limits of dogmatic formalism, and invoked, on the other hand, a realistic or values-based approach to criminal law. After the Second World War, this critical orientation was contaminated by natural law theories, but had to deal with the resistance of orthodox technicality, which boasted the survival of the principle of legality during the fascist dictatorship.
Nella storia della penalistica italiana del secolo XX la dogmatica viene di solito associata all’indirizzo dottrinale predominante, quello tecnico-giuridico, che, sin dalla prelezione sassarese di Arturo Rocco (1910), considerava la costruzione concettuale un fondamentale strumento logico-sistematico. In realtà essa ha conosciuto, nella prima metà del Novecento, diverse declinazioni: da quella gius-filosofica di matrice gentiliana, che indeboliva il principio di legalità e apriva al creazionismo giudiziario; a quella della seconda generazione dei positivisti, dai connotati fortemente normativisti; alla teoria generale anti-formalista del Carnelutti. Esplicite insofferenze iniziarono a manifestarsi sin dagli anni Trenta, quando una giovane leva di studiosi, politicamente trasversale, mostrò i limiti del formalismo dogmatico, invocando, per contro, un approccio realistico o valoriale al diritto penale. Nel dopoguerra questo orientamento critico si colorò di venature giusnaturalistiche, ma dovette confrontarsi con le resistenze del tecnicismo ortodosso, che vantava la ‘tenuta’ della legalità durante la dittatura fascista.
«Giuoco cinese». La dogmatica e i suoi critici nella penalistica italiana (1900-1950)
M. N. Miletti
2024-01-01
Abstract
In the history of Italian penal law in the 20th century, dogmatics is usually associated with the predominant doctrine, the Technical-juridical School, which, since the Arturo Rocco’s first lesson (1910), considered conceptual construction a fundamental logical-systematic tool. Indeed, in the first half of the twentieth century, it experienced various declinations: from the orientation inspired by Gentile’s philosophy, which weakened the principle of legality and opened up to judicial creationism; to the dogmatic of the second generation of positivist jurists, which remained firmly anchored in the norms of the law; to Carnelutti's anti-formalist general theory. Explicit intolerance began to manifest itself since the 1930s, when a young, politically transversal generation of scholars showed the limits of dogmatic formalism, and invoked, on the other hand, a realistic or values-based approach to criminal law. After the Second World War, this critical orientation was contaminated by natural law theories, but had to deal with the resistance of orthodox technicality, which boasted the survival of the principle of legality during the fascist dictatorship.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.